A christmas tree is an assembly of valves, spools and fittings used for oil, gas, water injection, water disposal, gas injection, condensate and other types of wells. The main role of a christmas tree is to control the flow of oil and gas out of the well. However, these devices were very hot and heavy and so did little to. Christmas tree definition of christmas tree by the free.
Our latest trees exceed api 17d 2nd edition and exemplify our philosophy of building systems with industryleading products e. Mechanical assemblies are susceptible to corrosion, wear and tear, and other unforeseen damages. Water depths shallow up to 1500 ft deep christmas tree on platform dry tree. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. It was named for its resemblance to the series of starting lights at a drag racing strip, called by that name. A christmas tree is an assembly of valves, spools, and fittings used for an oil well, gas well, water injection well, water disposal well, gas injection well, condensate well, and other types of. The system is offered in all the api material classes, our metallurgical engineers will ensure that the material selected is the best to suit the required application and well parameters.
Here we propose you the information about our company and its products. Wellhead and christmas tree components, functions and more. It is composed of a variety of valves, which are used for testing, servicing, regulating, or choking the stream of produced oil, gas, and. The subsea mining industry puts a strong emphasis on the reliability of. Christmas tree synonyms, christmas tree pronunciation, christmas tree translation, english dictionary definition of christmas tree.
In compliance with european union eu legislation for visitors from the eu, schlumberger requests your permission to place cookies on your computer to both. In oil and natural gas extraction, a christmas tree, or tree, is an assembly of valves, spools and fittings used for not only extraction, but also for water injection or disposal, gas injection and other operations. In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a christmas tree, or tree not wellhead as sometimes incorrectly referred to, is an assembly of valves, spools, and fittings used for an oil well, gas well, water injection well, water disposal well, gas injection well, condensate well and other types of wells. Components illustration handbook kindle edition by obo, dr. Can a christmas tree separate oil and gas and produce each. Well integrity christmas tree acceptable leakage rate and sustained casing pressure. In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a christmas tree, or tree not wellhead as sometimes incorrectly referred to, is an assembly of valves, spools, and fittings used for an oil well, gas. It looks like a decorated tree so has become known as a christmas tree. It is named for its resemblance to a decorated tree at christmas. A christmas tree is a fir tree, or an artificial tree that looks like a fir tree, which. It was named for its crude resemblance to a decorated tree. Oil has been used for lighting purposes for many thousands of years. Oil and gas engineers use a lot of maths in their jobs so weve set some prime number problems with the christmas tree.
Bureau of land managements uniform national requirements and minimum standards of performance expected from operators when conducting operations involving oil or gas that is known or could reasonably be expected to contain hydrogen sulfide h2s or which results in the emission of sulfur dioxide so2 as a result of flaring h2s. A tree may also be used to control the injection of gas or water into a nonproducing well in order to enhance production rates of oil from other wells. The christmas tree intends to control the oil well flow in and out and to control pressure and flow. An evergreen or artificial tree decorated, as with lights and ornaments, during the christmas season. The difference between a wellhead and christmas tree. It is installed on the casing head to seal the annular space between casing and tubing, control wellhead pressure, adjust well flow rate and transport oil to pipeline. Christmas trees are a vertical assembly of valves with gauges and chokes that allow for adjustments in flow control as well as injections to stimulate production. Produces gas from 40 wells towed 200 km to the norwegian sea. Wellheads and christmas trees are different pieces of equipment figure 1. It comes in the types of normal oil production wellhead, thermal recovery wellhead, offshore wellhead, low and high pressure antisulfide wellhead. Establishing and producing noble fir christmas trees in western oregon james w. Wellhead area setbacks ohio oil production tanks 50 ft from public road 100 ft from inhabited structures 50 ft from any well 3 ft between tanks. Christmas tree offering stack or block type christmas tree with pressure ratings up to.
Something like christmas tree petroleum and natural gas or christmas tree natural resource extraction would less specific and still be proper description. Wellhead and christmas tree is used for well drilling and oil or gas production, water injection and downhole operation. Christmas tree definition and meaning collins english. Oil and gas surface wellhead and christmas tree free download as powerpoint presentation. The maximum operation pressure of the wellhead and christmas tree is 105. The christmas tree is operated either from a control room i. Christmas tree provides a means to control the flow of fluids produced from or fluids injected into the well, at surface. In areas where oil is found in shallow reservoirs, seeps of crude oil or gas may naturally develop, and some oil could simply be collected from seepage or tar ponds. Oil and gas surface wellhead and christmas tree scribd. Christmas tree valve leakage and external leak assessed. Pdf well integrity christmas tree acceptable leakage rate and.
Definition of christmas tree oil and gas the christmas tree is a piece of equipment that provides flow control on a producing oil or gas well. The xmas tree is a valve assembly installed immediately above the tubing head spool to control the flow from well. A vertical assembly of mechanical elements used in oil exploration and production in surface and underwater oil and. Oil and gas production handbook an introduction to oil. In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a christmas tree, or tree, not wellhead as sometimes incorrectly referred to is an assembly of valves, spools, and fittings used for an oil well, gas well, water injection well, water disposal well, gas injection well, condensate well and other types of wells.
The christmas tree is a series of valves, flanges, choke body and connectors that allow the controlled flow of produced fluids applications usually dictate what type of christmas tree will be needed. Historically, we know of the tales of eternal fires where oil and gas seeps would ignite and burn. A wellhead must be present to utilize a christmas tree and is used without a christmas tree during drilling. The surface termination of a wellbore that incorporates facilities for installing casing hangers during the well construction phase. The wellhead structure, often called a christmas tree, must allow for a number of operations. The set of valves, spools and fittings connected to the top of a well to direct and control the flow of formation fluids from the well. Oil and gas production and exploration, part ii american translators association 52th annual conference boston, october 26, 2011. First off, oil is a politically incorrect term, petroleum would be a better choice. Wellhead equipment made in the plant can be used for oil and gas production, water or vappr injection and so on. More customers choose our pressure pumping solutions than any other. The wellhead also incorporates a means of hanging the production tubing and installing the christmas tree and surface flowcontrol facilities.
Specification for subsea wellhead and christmas tree equipment. It can provide inlet for production tubing strings, including all components above the tubing head adapter. The bean body accommodates bean housing and beans of. Pdf the subsea tree is basically the connection between the wellhead.
Christmas lights and community building in america by brian murray. Subsea tree interfaces with subsea controls, control umbilicals and flowline connections are addressed in the following sections. The xmas tree usually consists of one top valve, one master valve, two side valves, two arm valves, cross piece and bean body. Media in category christmas trees oil well the following 19 files are in this category, out of 19 total. Si1029 acceptable leakage rate 6kgmin for oil riser esd valve. In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a christmas tree, or tree, is an assembly of valves, spools, and fittings used to regulate the flow of pipes in an oil well. What are the functions of christmas trees in oil and gas.
Wellhead and christmas tree components, types, functions and more free download as. Christmas tree a christmas tree is an assembly of gate valves, chokes and fittings included with the wellhead during well completion. Second, this article applies to petroleum and natural gas. Normally the flow out is oil and gas and flow in is gas for gas lift. Wellhead inspection and maintenance substrata oil and gas. Although not part of subsurface equipment, the christmas tree is usually the first component encountered by a workovercompletion crew. One english inventor even manufactured a metal christmas tree with gas. To control the flow of oil and gas from an oil well a series of valves are used. The oilfield oil and gas wellhead, christmas tree is an assembly of valves, spools and fittings for an oil well, and to design to direct and control formation fluids from the well. To discontinue attempts to produce oil or gas from a well or lease and to plug the reservoir in accordance with regulatory requirements and recover equipment.
Family tree corporation will not give away or sell any of your personal information for any reason. Historically, we know the tales of eternal fires where oil and gas seeps ignited and burned. Oil and gas surface wellhead and christmas tree youtube. Our trees are based on standardized, modular designs that drive high manufacturing consistency and delivery speed. Wellhead and christmas tree is the main equipment for oil production, water injection and downhole operation. Bhge has installed over 1,400 subsea tree systems worldwide. An assembly of valves, spools, pressure gauges and chokes fitted to the wellhead of a completed well to control production. Offshore, depending on size and water depth, a whole range. Christmas trees are available in a wide range of sizes and configurations, such as low or highpressure capacity and single or multiplecompletion capacity. Information provided will be used only for business with family tree corporation or one of its wholly owned subsidiaries. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page.
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